Power System Analysis Lecture Notes Ppt < 2024 >

[ L = 2\times 10^-7 \ln \left( \fracDr' \right) \ \textH/m ] where ( r' = r \cdot e^-1/4 ) (geometric mean radius, GMR).

| Fault type | Connection at fault point | |------------|---------------------------| | Single line-to-ground (SLG) | Z1, Z2, Z0 in series | | Line-to-line (L-L) | Z1, Z2 in parallel | | Double line-to-ground (DLG) | Z1 in series with (Z2∥Z0) | power system analysis lecture notes ppt

Derived bases: [ I_base = \fracS_base\sqrt3 V_base, \quad Z_base = \frac(V_base)^2S_base ] [ L = 2\times 10^-7 \ln \left( \fracDr'

| Line type | R (Ω/km) | L (mH/km) | C (nF/km) | |-----------|----------|-----------|-----------| | Short (<80 km) | lumped | ignored | ignored | | Medium (80–240 km) | lumped | lumped | lumped (π model) | | Long (>240 km) | distributed parameters | | | 4. Load Flow Analysis (PPT Module 4) Goal: Determine voltage magnitude & angle at each bus for given loads/generations. Fault clears at angle ( \delta_c )

Fault clears at angle ( \delta_c ). System stable if area ( A_1 ) (accelerating) = area ( A_2 ) (decelerating).

neglected for overhead lines.

[ Z_pu,new = Z_pu,old \times \left( \fracV_base,oldV_base,new \right)^2 \times \left( \fracS_base,newS_base,old \right) ]