ここに座れ (Sit here – strong) 早くしなさい (Do it quickly – to child) Lesson 34 | Pattern | Meaning | |---------|---------| | ～と (conditional) | If/when (inevitable) | | ～ても | Even if |

予約しておく (Reserve in advance) ドアが開けてある (Door is open – someone opened it) Lesson 30 | Pattern | Meaning | |---------|---------| | ～てあげる / くれる / もらう | Giving/receiving (complex) | | ～てやる | Give down (to pet/plant) |

Using ～んです after ます-form ❌ 行きますんです → ✅ 行くんです Lesson 27 | Pattern | Meaning | Connector | |---------|---------|------------| | ～そうです (visual) | Looks like / seems | Vます-stem + そうです | | ～すぎる | Too much | Vます-stem / い-adj (stem) + すぎる |

友達に笑われた (Was laughed at by friend) 宿題をさせられた (Was made to do homework) Lesson 38 | Pattern | Meaning | |---------|---------| | ～てほしい | Want someone to do | | ～そうだ (hearsay) | I heard that |

友達に教えてあげた (I taught my friend) 母が弁当を作ってくれた (Mom made lunch for me) Lesson 31 | Pattern | Meaning | |---------|---------| | ～意向形 | Volitional form | | ～うと思う | Think I’ll do |