Fundamentals Of Molecular Spectroscopy Banwell Problem Solutions -

Reduced mass (\mu) of (^{12}\text{C}^{16}\text{O}): ( m_C = 12\ \text{u} = 1.9926\times10^{-26}\ \text{kg} ), ( m_O = 16\ \text{u} = 2.6568\times10^{-26}\ \text{kg} ) (\mu = \frac{m_C m_O}{m_C+m_O} = \frac{(1.9926)(2.6568)}{4.6494}\times10^{-26} = 1.1385\times10^{-26}\ \text{kg} ). ( r = \sqrt{I/\mu} = \sqrt{1.457\times10^{-46} / 1.1385\times10^{-26}} = \sqrt{1.280\times10^{-20}} = 1.131\times10^{-10}\ \text{m} = 1.131\ \text{Å} ) (literature: 1.128 Å). Problem: The IR spectrum of HCl shows a fundamental band at 2886 cm⁻¹. Calculate the force constant.

For a rigid diatomic rotor: [ \tilde{\nu}(J\rightarrow J+1) = 2B(J+1), \quad B = \frac{h}{8\pi^2 c I}, \quad I = \mu r^2 ] ( J=0\rightarrow1 ): (\tilde{\nu} = 2B) ⇒ ( B = \frac{3.842\ \text{cm}^{-1}}{2} = 1.921\ \text{cm}^{-1} ). Reduced mass (\mu) of (^{12}\text{C}^{16}\text{O}): ( m_C =

Brief summary of key equations used (rigid rotor, harmonic oscillator, anharmonicity, Frank‑Condon principle, selection rules). Calculate the force constant